Bitwise XOR
Bit-by-bit operation
Each column is independent. Bits that differ produce 1; bits that match produce 0.
A⊕B=
Summary
A
B
A ⊕ B
Truth table
In cryptography
One-time pad demo
XOR each byte of a message with the matching byte of a key. The ciphertext is unbreakable if the key is truly random and never reused — that's the one-time pad. XOR the ciphertext with the same key to recover the original.